THE SCHOOL AS A RESEARCH SPACE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTS FREE OF SCHOOL VIOLENCE

Abstract

School violence is a multidimensional phenomenon that disrupts both the academic performance and emotional well-being of those who attend classrooms. This paper analyzes the various manifestations of this violence: physical aggression, verbal harassment, microaggressions, and exclusion, as well as their correlates on academic performance and the psychosocial health of the student population, such as social inequality, lack of socioemotional competencies, and the normalization of violent behavior within institutions. Using a qualitative approach, a synthesis and review of previous studies on school violence in educational contexts was conducted. National and international studies were compiled to identify causes and possible consequences of the phenomenon under study. The results showed that students who suffer from these forms of abuse often present with lower grades and anxious or depressive symptoms. Therefore, a holistic approach is proposed that transcends punitive actions and invokes practices that foster peaceful coexistence and mutual recognition. It also emphasizes that school-based research is crucial for designing and implementing preventive interventions that guarantee a safe environment for the entire educational community. Recommendations include adopting innovative pedagogical strategies and strengthening collective engagement so that classrooms effectively become violence-free territories.